A IMPORTÂNCIA DA AVALIAÇÃO AMBIENTAL NOS PROJETOS PRONAF NO BAIXO PARNAÍBA – MARANHÃO - BRASIL

Abstract

The PRONAF-National Program for Strengthening Family Agriculture is the main public policy for economic, social and environmental development in the State of Maranhão. Currently, family agriculture is responsible for 75% of the food produced in the State, however, Causing great damages to the local biota, deforestation, burning, salinization of the soil, inadequate use of water resources are harmful factors to the environment, the context of public policies aimed at family agriculture aims at the development of activities in a sustainable way. The theme of this study is to understand the importance of the environmental evaluation of the Pronaf projects in the Lower Parnaíba Maranhão - Brazil, to analyze the environmental impacts caused by the Pronaf projects developed by small rural entrepreneurs. The methodology characterizes the study area, presenting the abiotic and biotic aspects, the possibilities of degradation, fauna and flora survey of the Legal Reserve areas of the communities, the data collection measured the impact level considering only the producers' responses and determining Them at low, medium and high impact. The results analyzed the productive activities most impacting the ecosystem, the bovinocultura was less indicated activity for the region, presenting great impact and lower economic return. The discussion characterized the productive activities financed by Pronaf that require environmental assessment, questioning and referencing the literature the norms decreed by federal and state laws. The considerations concluded that the environmental assessment needs to be inserted in the programs and projects of public policies to strengthen family agriculture, aiming to have.